Role of de novo DNA methyltransferases in initiation of genomic imprinting and X-chromosome inactivation.
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
The human DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) 1, 3a and 3b: coordinate mRNA expression in normal tissues and overexpression in tumors.
DNA methylation in mammals is required for embryonic development, X chromosome inactivation and imprinting. Previous studies have shown that methylation patterns become abnormal in malignant cells and may contribute to tumorigenesis by improper de novo methylation and silencing of the promoters for growth-regulatory genes. RNA and protein levels of the DNA methyltransferase DNMT1 have been show...
متن کاملThe role of mammalian DNA methyltransferases in the regulation of gene expression.
The term epigenetic modification denotes reversible traits of gene expression that do not include alterations to the DNA sequence. These epigenetic alterations are responsible for chromatin structure stability, genome integrity, modulation of tissue-specific gene expression, embryonic development, genomic imprinting and X-chromosome inactivation in females. Epigenetic changes include reversible...
متن کاملDnmt3b Prefers Germ Line Genes and Centromeric Regions: Lessons from the ICF Syndrome and Cancer and Implications for Diseases
The correct establishment and maintenance of DNA methylation patterns are critical for mammalian development and the control of normal cell growth and differentiation. DNA methylation has profound effects on the mammalian genome, including transcriptional repression, modulation of chromatin structure, X chromosome inactivation, genomic imprinting, and the suppression of the detrimental effects ...
متن کاملThe DNA methyltransferase-like protein DNMT3L stimulates de novo methylation by Dnmt3a.
Dnmt3L is required for the establishment of maternal methylation imprints at imprinting centers (ICs). Dnmt3L, however, lacks the conserved catalytic domain common to DNA methyltransferases. In an attempt to define its function, we coexpressed DNMT3L with each of the two known de novo methyltransferases, Dnmt3a and DNMT3B, in human cells and monitored de novo methylation by using replicating mi...
متن کاملDe novo DNA methylation is dispensable for the initiation and propagation of X chromosome inactivation.
Xist (X-inactive specific transcript) plays a crucial role in X-inactivation. This non-coding RNA becomes upregulated on the X chromosome that is to be inactivated upon differentiation. Previous studies have revealed that although maintenance-type DNA methylation is not essential for X-inactivation to occur, it is required for the stable repression of Xist in differentiated cells. However, it i...
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Cold Spring Harbor symposia on quantitative biology
دوره 69 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2004